Xiaozhang Biyun Temple which is located in the Southeast area of Shanxi province is an precious ancient building with the cultural relics value. However, several issues such as the construction age, still need to be further studied. In the paper, the information and data from field investigations and laboratory tests were analyzed using the methods of phytology, material and chronology. The wood-selection rule and damage distribution in wood members of the main hall were generally concluded. The construction history was also clarified. The results are useful to understand the wood-selection principles and construction technology of ancient buildings in the Southeast area of Shanxi province. It also provides scientific reference to guide the prevention and protection in ancient buildings.