Under a microwave radiation,internal wood temperature could rise rapidly to over 180℃,resulting in water vapor to evaporate.The authors divided the treated wood into 7 levels according to microstructure of the treated wood and the treatment effects into 3 types.Microwave treatment technology could be used in wood drying,puffing,bending and quarantine fields.And the microwave-puffed wood could be used for making high performance modified wood,preserved wood,flame retardant wood,as well as decorative wood materials and high thermal conductivity wood materials.