A flame retardant amino resin for surface coating of wood materials was developed, including ammonium polyphosphate （APP）, pentaerythritol （PER） and melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin （MUF）,which was applied to medium density fiberboard （MDF） samples. Effects of components and coating weights of the flame retardants amino resins on fire retardant performance of the board samples were evaluated. The results showed that: 1) A charcoal layer was formed when the flame retardant amino resin was heated, resulting in a prolonged ignition time as well as decreased heat release rate （HRR） and total heat release （THR） of the board samples. 2) Flame retardant performance improved when flame retardant usage and coating weights increased. 3) Compared to traditional fire retardant technology, the surface coating flame retardant technology could reduce consumption of the flame retardants by 1/6 and fire growth index （FGI） could be decreased by 94.7%.