The Populus ussuriensis wood was modified with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin of low molecular weight. The modified wood was in good dimensional stability, bulged and strengthened largely at the same time. As far as the modified wood with 10% PF was concerned, its ASE (moisture)was 69%, ASE (water′)was 75%, its MEE was 52% and its maximum compression strength parallel to the grain was increased by 23%. The compression strength was increased by 78% compared with that in air dried condition. The treated wood was as strong as some strong hardwoods.