最新刊期
卷 39 ， 期 6 ， 2025
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摘要：The unique friction mechanism of the contact interface between the wooden components of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda can dissipate energy, resulting in its outstanding structural stability. However, significant overall and local tilting exists at present. Current research is mainly concentrated on the mechanical analysis by establishing numerical models, ignoring the types of wood contact interfaces and the friction mechanism. This study focused on the statistical summary of the first to fifth floors of the clear chamber of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, analyzing the distribution characteristics of contact interface types and the embedded pressure and slip phenomenon of the column heads. Field investigations revealed that the contact interface of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda include transverse-to-transverse, transverse-to-tangential, and tangential-to-tangential types. The tangential-to-tangential contact interface is the most prevalent type, accounting for 61.29%. There are 22 424 inner groove contact interfaces and 65 320 outer groove contact interfaces. The number of contact interfaces decreases as the number of floors increases, with the tangential-to-tangential and tranverse-to-tangential contact interface types accounting for less and more, respectively. The quantity of contact interfaces for the first to fifth floors paving is the largest for a single outer groove corner paving, and the smallest for a single interlocking paving. The embedded pressures between components generally decrease from the second floor to the fifth floor. The embedded pressure between the dou and the pu-pai beam is the most severe, and the embedded pressures are affected by the material types of the contact interfaces. The slip phenomenon is mainly concentrated in the flat plate dou, and the slip value gradually decreases as the number of floors increases. This study would provide a reference database for the mechanical analysis and structural safety assessment of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda.关键词：Yingxian wooden pagoda;contact interface;friction mechanism;embedded pressure;slip34|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26
KEY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH BASE OF HISTORICAL BUILDING WOOD
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摘要：This study analyzed the correlation between the primary chemical components and the bending properties of larch wood from two interspecific hybrid families across three tree ages, sampled at different radial positions. A comparison was conducted between two characterization metrics: chemical component density and mass fraction. The results showed that the correlations among cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were consistently stronger when expressed as chemical component density, with all reaching a high correlation level. Chemical component density also outperformed mass fraction in revealing the relationships between the three components and the bending properties. In particular, the coefficients of determination for linear fits between cellulose density and bending modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) were 0.86 and 0.83, respectively, which were significantly higher than those obtained for cellulose mass fraction (0.14 and 0.22) and wood density (0.75 and 0.61). Thus, cellulose density could serve as an effective indicator for the rapid and reliable assessment of larch wood bending properties, especially suitable for rapid assessment in the scenarios limited to micro-destructive or minimal sampling.关键词：Hybrid larch;chemical component density;mass fraction of chemical component;bending properties;correlation56|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26 -
摘要：This study investigated the radial variation of the modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of larch wood from two families (Larix kaempferi 5×L. gmelinii 9 and Larix kaempferi 5×L. olgensis 77-3) across four tree ages. A model for predicting the bending mechanical properties was established. The results indicated that both MOR and MOE of the two hybrid larch wood exhibited a three-stage radial pattern: they increased from the pith outward during the period from 1 to 10 years, then followed by a stable phase, and finally decreased near the sapwood region. The bending properties showed significant correlations with the area ratio of latewood and air-dry density. A mathematical model based on growth ring position, area ratio of latewood, and air-dry density was developed, which considered both the main effects and interaction effects of these factors. This model could accurately reflect the radial and fluctuation characteristics of the bending strength properties, with coefficients of determination (R2) exceeding 0.92. The results also demonstrated that the predicted values were consistent with the measured values in terms of variation trends. The mean prediction deviation for MOR and MOE ranged from 6.20% to 9.11%. The developed model could provide a reliable method for selecting the wood property and predicting the mechanical performance of the larch wood examined.关键词：larch;families;bending strength;radial variation;prediction37|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26 -
摘要：In this research, earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) tissue slices were taken from the outermost five growth rings of hybrid larch (Larix kaempferi 5×L. gmelinii 9) at 5, 14, 29, and 40 years with an aim at revealing the variation of air-dry density and tensile modulus of elasticity (MOE), as well as their correlation. Furthermore, a tabular prior-data fitted network (TabPFN) model was employed to simulate and predict tensile MOE. Results showed that, at any given tree age, a positive correlation was observed between the tensile MOE and air-dry density for both EW and LW, with the coefficients of determination (R²) being higher for LW than for EW. The combined fitting of EW and LW data yielded significantly better results than individual fittings, with R2 ranging from 0.94 to 0.97. A prediction model constructed based on TabPFN deep learning enabled the prediction of tensile MOE of EW and LW in hybrid larch, with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 16.03% between predicted and experimental values. These findings could support the prediction of tensile MOE of larch wood for rapidly evaluating wood quality.关键词：Hybrid larch;air-dry density;tensile modulus of elasticity;TabPFN model21|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26 -
摘要：Three half-sib families (EB2, A04 and A05) of Pinus elliottii were used to analyze the longitudinal variation patterns of wood basic density and pulping potential, and to investigate the potential of developing a near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy model to predict the basic density of multiple families. The results indicate that the basic density of three families decreased from the base to the top of the trunk. Among them, the EB2 family exhibited moderate density and the lowest coefficient of variation, demonstrating excellent pulping potential. Biological differences among families, combined with the high redundancy and high-dimensional nature of spectral data, limited the robustness and generalizability of multi-families full-spectrum models. By applying the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) algorithm, 17 feature wavelengths highly correlated with basic density were selected. The model developed with these wavelengths exhibited robust generalization across all the three families, achieving root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values between 19.6 to 23.23 kg/m³ and determination coefficients (R2) exceeding 0.81. This enables fast, non-destructive assessment of wood basic density in Pinus elliottii. This study provides technical support for high-throughput evaluation of wood properties in pulpwood breeding programs.关键词：Pinus elliottii;near-infrared spectroscopy;basic density;competitive adaptive reweighted sampling;prediction model39|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26
EVALUATION OF WOOD PROPERTIES OF DIRECTIONALLY CULTIVATED PINE TREES
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摘要：Paulownia fortunei suffers from insufficient tensile strength, high flammability, and susceptibility to mold, which severely limit its application in furniture and architectural decoration materials. To address these issues, this study proposes a synergistic method combing bleaching, impregnation, and hot pressing. First, Paulownia fortunei was bleached with 30% hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) for 3 hours, preserving its natural porous structure and partial lignin content while increasing interfacial binding sites. The bleached wood was subsequently immersed in a 4% chitosan (CS) solution under a vacuum of －0.1 MPa for 30 minutes. Afterwards, a 40% sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution was uniformly applied to the wood surface. Finally, the impregnated wood was cured and densified through hot pressing at 80 ℃ under 5 MPa. The modified wood showed increases in tensile strength, bending strength and hardness of 259%, 122% and 75%, respectively, compared to natural wood, with a weight gain of 18.9% and a compression rate of 75%. Regarding flame retardancy, the vertical burning rating reached V-0, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) was 50.1%, the peak heat release rate (HRR) decreased by 60.1%, total heat release (THR) and total smoke release (TSR) decreased by 44.7% and 95.1%, respectively, and carbon monoxide release (COP) decreased by 31.2%. In terms of anti-corrosion performance, this material can effectively resist Aspergillus niger, with the mold-infected area of 0, achieving 100% mold control efficiency (MCE). This study provided a novel approach for improving the quality of fast-growing wood, and the resulting modified wood shows significant potential for applications in fire safety engineering and structural construction.关键词：chitosan;Sodium silicate;synergistic modification;mechanical properties;flame retardant performance;mold resistant performance26|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26 -
摘要：Traditional wood plastic composites (WPC) are extremely limited in engineering structural applications due to their high density and susceptibility to creep behavior. To address these issues, this study developed a composite using a water-resistant, moisture-proof rice husk-polyvinyl chloride foamed composite (RHPC) as the surface layer and laminated veneer lumber (LVL) as the core layer, via a custom-designed co-extrusion device. The resulting RHPC-LVL composites (RHPC-LVL) exhibited a density of approximately 0.6 g/cm³, with a flexural strength of 102.6 MPa and a flexural modulus of 11.4 GPa, falling between those of RHPC and LVL. Compared to the surface RHPC, the specific flexural strength and specific flexural modulus of RHPC-LVL increased by 38.1% and 96.7%, respectively. After end-capping treatment, the aging resistance of RHPC-LVL was significantly improved, with flexural strength and flexural modulus being 63.5% and 38.6% of the control specimens after six accelerated aging cycles.When the applied load increased to 30% of the ultimate strength, the 800-hour creep strain of RHPC-LVL increased by 16.5% compared to LVL. The short-term creep strain of RHPC at 30 °C and 60 °C increased by 33% and 200% compared to LVL, respectively. By fitting the creep and recovery stages using commonly used creep models, this study provided a theoretical basis for predicting the short-term creep of RHPC-LVL in engineering structural applications. This research could offer guidance for the development and application of RHPC-LVL.关键词：wood plastic composites;coextrusion;mechanical properties;creep;aging16|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26 -
摘要：The natural decay resistance and preservative treatability of the heartwood of ten hardwood species growing in Yunnan, China, were evaluated in this study based on Chinese standards. The studies on these heartwood wood species were, in terms of wood properties and economic development potential, limited. The results indicated that there were significant differences in natural decay resistance and treatability among these wood species. Five species from the Lauraceae family were not or slightly resistant, classified as IV (not resistant), including Cinnamomum pittosporoides, Cinnamomum chago, Machilus gamblei, Iteadaphne caudata and Neolitsea polycarpa. There were differences among the other five species in the Fagaceae family, with Castanopsis wattii reaching the highest resistance level (I, strongly decay resistant), followed by Lithocarpus hancei and Lithocarpus xylocarpus (II, resistant), Quercus stewardiana (III, moderately decay resistant), and Lithocarpus echinophorus (IV, not resistant). In terms of treatability, Lauraceae species, such as Cinnamomum pittosporoides, Machilus gamblei and Iteadaphne caudata were moderately easy to treat, while Cinnamomum chago and Neolitsea polycarpa were difficult to treat. Among the Fagaceae species, Castanopsis wattii and Lithocarpus xylocarpus were extremely difficult to treat, Lithocarpus echinophorus was moderately easy to treat, Quercus stewardiana and Lithocarpus hancei were intermediate between the two extremes. Some difficult-to-treat wood species exhibited not only lower overall penetration depth but also strip-like uneven penetration in their heartwood. Overall, a moderate positive correlation was observed between natural decay resistance and preservative penetration depth in the heartwood of the selected species (ρ=0.71 in the radial direction and ρ=0.61 in the tangential direction). The species with higher decay resistance were generally characterized by shallower penetration depth and poorer treatability. This study provided a database for the optimal utilization of domestic wood resources.关键词：heartwood;natural decay resistance;preservative treatability;Lauraceae;Fagaceae;Wood protection54|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26
RESEARCH PAPERS
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摘要：The “Intelligent and Digital Transformation” constitutes a critical pathway for manufacturing industries, particularly for the traditional manufacturing enterprises, to forge new developmental momentum and competitive edges in an increasingly competitive market, thereby facilitating the formation of new quality productive drivers. The implementation of such transformation promotes the advancement toward intelligent, flexible, green, collaborative, innovative, and brand-oriented development, accelerating the cultivation of new quality productive drivers within the panel furniture industry. This study conducted an analysis based on on-site survey data collected from 12 sampling enterprises of the panel furniture industry in Chongzhou, Sichuan Province. It summarized the exemplary practices and innovative measures adopted by these enterprises during their intelligent and digital transformation processes. This research proposed a classified advancement pathway and identified the key focal points for initial-stage explorers, steadily developing enterprises, and comprehensively leading firms separately. These findings were presented as a reference for the panel furniture manufacturers across China, with the aim at supporting the systematic enhancement of the intelligent and digitalized transformation capabilities throughout the industry.关键词：Intelligent and Digital Transformation;panel furniture industry;intelligent manufacturing capability maturity13|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26 -
摘要：The specially shaped solid wood components are subjected to cross-sectional processing for determining their cross-sectional characteristics. Based on the path of generating surfaces along the longitudinal extension of the cross-section, the surfaces can be divided into extruded surfaces and swept surfaces, which assist to achieve and precise matching of part surfaces with corresponding categories. Furthermore, based on the path of the cross-section rotating along the central axis to generate the surface, the surface can be divided into a rotating surface and a spiral surface, completing the matching of the part surface with the corresponding category, forming a rotating part and a spiral component. If both cross-section and longitudinal extension direction of a component are complex curves, it can be classified as a free-form surface matching the corresponding part surface, ultimately forming a free-form component. Simultaneously, the surfaces of different categories of components can be mathematically described to meet actual production needs. On this basis, this study examined the attribute indicators, including size, structure, process, and application scenarios, of existing specially shaped solid wood components, briefly explained the processing technology and applicable equipment of the classified components, and clarified the processing flow, which ensured that the precise classification results could guide production practice and provided theoretical basis and practical reference for the production optimization and efficiency improvement of customized solid wood furniture enterprises.关键词：specially shaped solid wood components;classification method;mathematical description for curved surfaces;Processing technology13|0|0更新时间：2026-02-26
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