1.西南林业大学材料科学与工程学院,云南昆明 650224
2.云南省产品质量监督检验研究院,云南昆明 650224
3.云南林业职业技术学院,云南昆明 650224
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梁涤,陈松阳,李有贵等.普洱茶树与中华木兰木质部解剖构造与进化关系分析[J].木材科学与技术,2022,36(06):47-53.
LIANG Di,CHEN Song-yang,LI You-gui,et al.Comparative Anatomy and Evolutionary Relationship of Xylem of Camellia sinensis var. assamica and Magnolia miocenica[J].Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology,2022,36(06):47-53.
为了探究茶树的起源和进化，比较三个产地普洱茶树（,Camellia sinensis ,var. ,assamica,）：临沧永德古茶树、版纳易武古茶树、国家级良种云抗10号茶树，与中华木兰（,Magnolia miocenica,）的木质部特征，依据前人对木质部进化趋势的研究结论，分析普洱茶树与中华木兰的木质部进化关系及三个产地普洱茶有无特征一致性及进化一致性。结果表明：三个产地普洱茶树和中华木兰解剖构造均较为原始，普洱茶树大部分解剖特征（导管壁厚、管孔组合、管间纹孔式、穿孔板类型、木射线高度、导管-射线间纹孔式）较中华木兰进化，部分解剖特征（管孔轮廓）类似，而普洱茶树的木射线类型、导管直径特征和一些容易受环境因素影响的特征（穿孔板的横隔数、导管长度）则比中华木兰较原始，呈现出木质部进化特征的不均匀性。三个产地普洱茶树之间木射线类型和导管尺寸差异明显，但判断进化先进性还需验证。
To explore the origin and evolution of, Camellia sinensis, xylem characteristics of ,Camellia sinensis ,var., assamic, (Yongde ancient tea tree in Lincang, Yiwu Ancient Tea Tree in Xishuangbanna, National Variety Yunkang No. 10) were examed and compared with ,Magnolia miocenica,. Based on the previous studies on the evolutionary trend of xylem, the evolutionary relationships of three varieties ,C. sinensis ,var., assamica, plants were explored, as well as the identity and evolutionary identity of ,C. sinensis ,var., assamica, from three places. The results showed that the anatomical structures of three Pu'er tea plants and, M. miocenica ,were relatively primitive. Most of the anatomical characteristics of ,C. sinensis ,var., assamica ,including vessel thickness, vessel combination, vessel pit, perforated plate, ray's height, and vessel-ray pit were more evolved than, M. sinensis., Some characteristics such as the shape of the vessel showed similarities. But in the characteristics of wood ray type and vessel diameter, and those easily affected by the environment (perforated plate bars, vessel length, vessel diameter),M. miocenica ,were more evolved than those of ,C. sinensis ,var., assamica,. These results show nonuniformity of xylem evolution. The characteristics of wood rays and vessel size among the three places of C. ,sinensis, var.,assamica, were significant different, but evolutionary advancement needs to be verified.
普洱茶中华木兰木质部解剖构造
Camellia sinensis var. assamicaMagnolia miocenicaxylemanatomical structure
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