Veneer rotary cutting of 7 poplar wood species under different conditions weretested and the basic density,moisture content,hardness,MOE and MOR of the poplars testedwere determined. The MOE and MOR were measured on condition that grain direction wasperpendicular to the span.The hardness, MOE and MOR under different hot-water treatmentconditions were tested.Testing results showed that the veneer quality of poplar woods test-ed,except Hebei poplar,was satisfied under conditions of knife grinding angle 19°, clearanceangle 40′and the nose-bar opning 84%～92%without hot-water treatment.Physic-mechani-cal properties,especially MOE and MOR,of the poplar woods had considerable effects on ve-neer quality and determination of veneer rotary cutting conditions.Woods with 200 MPa ofMOE and ratio 2.2%of MOR to MOE were proved to be suitable for veneer rotary cutting.