无患子木材性质及用途综合评价

何世昊; 贾黎明; 兰天; 翁学煌

doi:10.12326/j.2096-9694.2026006

浏览量 : 0 下载量: CSCD: 0 CNKI被引量: 0 Crossref: 0 Wos: 0 Scopus: 0 更多指标

PDF
导出
分享
收藏
专辑

无患子木材性质及用途综合评价
Comprehensive Evaluation of Wood Properties and Applications of Sapindus mukorossi
1.北京林业大学林学院，省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室，国家能源非粮生物质原料研发中心，北京 100083
2.福建源华林业生物科技有限公司，福建建宁 354500
2026年页码：1-10
DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2026006
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

何世昊, 贾黎明, 兰天, 等. 无患子木材性质及用途综合评价[J/OL]. 木材科学与技术, 2026,1-10. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2026006.

HE Shi-hao, JIA Li-ming, LAN Tian, et al. Comprehensive Evaluation of Wood Properties and Applications of Sapindus mukorossi[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology, 2026, 1-10. DOI: 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2026006. DOI：

摘要

为明确不同栽培区无患子（

Sapindus mukorossi

）木材性质差异及其分级利用潜力，本研究以福建建宁、湖南石门、贵州贞丰和独山四个典型无患子栽培区的11年生实生林林木为研究对象，测定其木材的物理力学性质、化学组分和纤维形态，并采用等权隶属函数进行用途潜力综合评价。结果表明：无患子木材的部分性质存在显著的地理差异。其中木材顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度与抗弯弹性模量分别为42.961~49.196 MPa、124.890~153.162 MPa与10 817.067~13 461.200 MPa，综纤维素含量与纤维长度分别为62.76~73.62 %与943.67~1 040.73 μm，表现出较好的力学性能和造纸纤维原料潜力。在等权隶属函数评价中，石门和贞丰样本在小径级结构用材方面得分相对较高，石门样本在装饰用材方面得分较高，建宁样本在造纸原料利用方面得分最高。研究结果可为无患子幼龄林木资源的分级利用、后续成熟材跟踪评价及定向培育提供参考。

Abstract

To clarify the differences in wood properties and graded utilization potential of

Sapindus mukorossi

from different cultivation regions

this study investigated the wood physical and mechanical properties

chemical composition and fiber morphology of 11-year-old seedling stands of

Sapindus mukorossi

from four typical cultivation regions: Jianning (Fujian)

Shimen (Hunan)

and Zhenfeng and Dushan (Guizhou). Comprehensive evaluation of utilization potential was conducted using an equal-weight membership function. The results indicated that certain wood properties of

Sapindus mukorossi

exhibited significant geographic variations. The compressive strength parallel to grain

bending strength

and modulu

s of elasticity ranged from 42.961 to 49.196 MPa

124.890 to 153.162 MPa

and 10

817.067 to 13

461.200 MPa

respectively. The holocellulose content and fiber length ranged from 62.76 to 73.62 % and from 943.67 to 1

040.73 μm

respectively

indicating good mechanical performance and potential as a raw material for papermaking fibers. According to the equal-weight membership function evaluation

samples from Shimen and Zhenfeng scored relatively higher for small-diameter structural timber

Shimen samples showed higher scores for decorative applications

and Jianning samples achieved the highest score for papermaking raw material.These findings provide a scientific basis for the graded utilization of juvenile

Sapindus mukorossi

resources

subsequent tracking evaluation of mature wood

and directional cultivation.

关键词

Keywords

references

夏念和 , 罗献瑞 . 中国无患子科的地理分布 [J ] . 热带亚热带植物学报 , 1995 ( 1 ): 23 - 28 .

XIA N H , LUO X R . Geographical distribution of Sapindaceae in China [J ] . Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany , 1995 ( 1 ): 23 - 28 .

赖钟雄，陈振光，潘良镇，等 . 无患子科果树生物技术研究现状与展望 [J ] . 中国南方果树 , 1997 ( 06 ): 37 - 39 .

LAI Z X ， CHEN Z G ， PAN L Z ， et al . Current status and future prospects of biotechnology research in Sapindaceae fruit trees [J ] . South China Fruits , 1997 ,( 06 ): 37 - 39 .

尹道刚 , 马开敏 , 张彦林 . 无患子播种繁育及造林技术 [J ] . 四川林业科技 , 2011 , 32 ( 3 ): 121 - 123 .

YIN D G , MA K M , ZHANG Y L . Sowing, breeding and afforestationhniques of Sapindus mukoraiensis [J ] . Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology , 2011 , 32 ( 3 ): 121 - 123 .

刘济铭 , 孙操稳 , 何秋阳 , 等 . 国内外无患子属种质资源研究进展 [J ] . 世界林业研究 , 2017 , 30 ( 6 ): 12 - 18 .

LIU J M , SUN C W , HE Q Y , et al . Research progress in Sapindus L. germplasm resources [J ] . World Forestry Research , 2017 , 30 ( 6 ): 12 - 18 .

Upadhyay A , Singh D K . Molluscicidal activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Terminalia chebula against the freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata [J ] . Chemosphere , 2011 , 83 ( 4 ): 468 - 474 .

刘俊涛，仲静，刘济铭，等 . 无患子初果期人工林土壤和叶片C、N、P化学计量特征 [J ] . 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） , 2021 ， 45 ( 4 ): 67 - 75 .

LIU J T ， ZHONG J ， LIU J M ， et al . Stoichiometric characteristics of soil and leaves in Sapindus mukorossi plantation at an early fruiting stage [J ] . Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition) , 2021 , 45 ( 4 ): 67 - 75 .

Chakraborty M , Baruah D C . Production and characterization of biodiesel obtained from Sapindus mukorossi kernel oil [J ] . Energy , 2013 , 60 : 159 - 167 .

刘诗琦 , 贾黎明 , 苏淑钗 , 等 . 林业生物质能源“林油一体化”产业高效可持续发展路径研究 [J ] . 北京林业大学学报 , 2019 , 41 ( 12 ): 96 - 107 .

LIU S Q , JIA L M , SU S C , et al . Efficient and sustainable development path of forest-based bioenergy “forestry-oil integration” industry [J ] . Journal of Beijing Forestry University , 2019 , 41 ( 12 ): 96 - 107 .

成俊卿 . 木材学 [M ] . 北京 : 中国林业出版社 , 1985 : 132 - 140 .

潘彪 , 王丰 , 连彩萍 , 等 . 美洲黑杨新无性系主要物理力学性能研究 [J ] . 安徽农业大学学报 , 2014 , 41 ( 6 ): 928 - 933 .

PAN B , WANG F , LIAN C P , et al . Physical and mechanical properties of new Populus deltoides clones [J ] . Journal of Anhui Agricultural University , 2014 , 41 ( 6 ): 928 - 933 .

Arriaga F , Wang X P , Íñiguez-González G , et al . Mechanical properties of wood: a review [J ] . Forests , 2023 , 14 ( 6 ): 1202 . https://doi.org/10.3390/f14061202 https://doi.org/10.3390/f14061202 .

Nocetti M , Brunetti M . Advancements in wood quality assessment: standing tree visual evaluation—a review [J ] . Forests , 2024 , 15 ( 6 ): 943 . https://doi.org/10.3390/f15060943 https://doi.org/10.3390/f15060943 .

沈国舫 . 中国主要树种造林技术 [M ] . 2版 . 北京 : 中国林业出版社 , 2020 : 268 - 272 .

孙晓梅 , 楚秀丽 , 张守攻 , 等 . 落叶松种间及其杂种木材物理力学性质评价 [J ] . 林业科学 , 2012 , 48 ( 12 ): 153 - 159 .

SUN X M , CHU X L , ZHANG S G , et al . Timber evaluation on physical and mechanical properties of species and hybrids of Larix [J ] . Scientia Silvae Sinicae , 2012 , 48 ( 12 ): 153 - 159 .

屈维均 . 制浆造纸实验 [M ] . 北京：中国轻工业出版社， 1990 ： 9 - 11 .

QU W J，Experiments in Pulp and Papermaking [M ] . Beijing ： China Light Industry Press ， 1990 ： 9 - 11 .

中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 . 中国主要树种的木材物理力学性质 [M ] . 北京 : 中国林业出版社 , 1982 : 106 .

黄腾华 , 符韵林 , 李宁 . 擎天树木材物理力学性质研究 [J ] . 西北林学院学报 , 2013 , 28 ( 5 ): 160 - 163 .

HUANG T H , FU Y L , LI N . Physical and mechanical properties of Shorea chinensis wood [J ] . Journal of Northwest Forestry University , 2013 , 28 ( 5 ): 160 - 163 .

陈柳晔 . 秦白杨1、2、3号木材材性研究 [D ] . 杨凌 : 西北农林科技大学 , 2016 .

梁东东，石敏任，林秀仪，等 . 荔枝木材性及干燥工艺 [J/OL ] . 林业工程学报 , 2025 , 1 - 12 . https://doi.org/10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202507006 https://doi.org/10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202507006 .

LIANG D D ， SHI M X ， LIN X Y ， et al . Wood properties and drying schedule of litchi wood [J/OL ] . Journal of Forest Engineering , 2025 , 1 - 12 .. https://doi.org/10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202507006 https://doi.org/10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202507006 .

陈燕 , 胡馨芸 , 陈果希 , 等 . 山桐子木材材性研究 [J ] . 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版) , 2023 , 51 ( 5 ): 40 - 48, 58 .

CHEN Y , HU X Y , CHEN G X , et al . Wood properties of Idesia polycarpa [J ] . Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition) , 2023 , 51 ( 5 ): 40 - 48, 58 .

刘云霞 , 刘洪海 . 试件选用数量对桉木含水率、密度以及干缩率测量的影响 [J ] . 林业机械与木工设备 , 2021 , 49 ( 12 ): 52 - 55 .

LIU Y X , LIU H H . Effect of selected specimen quantity on measurement of moisture content, density and dry shrinkage of Eucalyptus [J ] . Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment , 2021 , 49 ( 12 ): 52 - 55 .

陈铭，郭琳，郑笑，等 . 中国15个主产区毛竹纤维形态比较 [J ] . 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）， 2018 ， 42 （ 06 ）： 7 - 12 .

CHEN M ， GUO L ， ZHENG X ， et al . Comparison of cell morphology of moso bamboo fibers from fifteen main producing regions in China [J ] . Journal of Nanjing Forestry University （Natural Science Edition）， 2018 ， 42 （ 06 ）： 7 - 12 .

王玉荣 , 任海青 . 3种实木地板材主要物理力学性质比较研究 [J ] . 安徽农业大学学报 , 2012 , 39 ( 6 ): 894 - 898 .

WANG Y R , REN H Q . Comparative study the physical and mechanical properties of three kinds of solid floor wood [J ] . Journal of Anhui Agricultural University , 2012 , 39 ( 6 ): 894 - 898 .

何盛 , 林兰英 , 傅峰 . 樟子松木材苯醇抽提物含量对其胶合性能的影响 [J ] . 木材工业 , 2014 ( 3 ): 9 - 12 .

HE S , LIN L Y , FU F . Effect of benzene-alcohol extractives content on gluabilitiy of Pinus sylvestris lumber [J ] . China Wood Industry , 2014 ( 3 ): 9 - 12 .

齐锦秋 , 池冰 , 谢九龙 , 等 . 慈竹纤维形态及组织比量的研究 [J ] . 中国造纸学报 , 2013 , 28 ( 3 ): 1 - 4 .

QI J Q , CHI B , XIE J L , et al . Study on variations of fiber morphology and tissue proportion of Neosinocalamus affinis culm [J ] . Transactions of China Pulp and Paper , 2013 , 28 ( 3 ): 1 - 4 .

Ververis C , Georghiou K , Christodoulakis N , et al . Fiber dimensions, lignin and cellulose content of various plant materials and their suitability for paper production [J ] . Industrial Crops and Products , 2004 , 19 ( 3 ): 245 - 254 .

王鹏程 , 代永刚 , 汪佑宏 , 等 . 竹龄对梁山慈竹纤维形态特征的影响 [J ] . 安徽农业大学学报 , 2018 , 45 ( 5 ): 853 - 860 .

WANG P C , DAI Y G , WANG Y H , et al . Effect of age on the fiber morphological characteristics of Dendrocalamus farinosus [J ] . Journal of Anhui Agricultural University , 2018 , 45 ( 5 ): 853 - 860 .

李光友 , 徐建民 , 杜志鹄 , 等 . 尾叶桉家系木材性状的变异研究 [J ] . 中南林业科技大学学报 , 2010 , 30 ( 8 ): 87 - 91 .

LI G Y , XU J M , DU Z G /H) , et al . Study of variation of six wood traits among Eucalyptus urophylla families [J ] . Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology , 2010 , 30 ( 8 ): 87 - 91 .

王锋 , 李娜 , 刘德浩 , 等 . 马大相思无性系材性变异研究与综合评价 [J ] . 桉树科技 , 2024 , 41 ( 3 ): 59 - 65 .

WANG F , LI N , LIU D H , et al . Study and comprehensive evaluation on wood variation of Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis clones [J ] . Eucalypt Science & Technology , 2024 , 41 ( 3 ): 59 - 65 .

翁文源 . 杨树木材纤维长度变异及其在造纸中的应用 [J ] . 湖北林业科技 , 2007 , 36 ( 2 ): 31 - 33 .

WENG W Y . Application of timber fiber length variation and its papermaking for Populus [J ] . Hubei Forestry Science and Technology , 2007 , 36 ( 2 ): 31 - 33 .