基于挥发性物质化学指纹方法识别楠属和润楠属木材研究

罗莎; 于占江; 吴义强

doi:10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025122

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基于挥发性物质化学指纹方法识别楠属和润楠属木材研究
Species-Level Identification of Phoebe and Machilus Wood Based on Volatile Compound Chemical Fingerprinting
中南林业科技大学材料与能源学院，湖南长沙 410004
2026年40卷第1期页码：27-40
DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025122
稿件说明：

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罗莎,于占江,吴义强.基于挥发性物质化学指纹方法识别楠属和润楠属木材研究[J].木材科学与技术,2026,40(01):27-40. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025122.

LUO Sha,YU Zhanjiang,WU Yiqiang.Species-Level Identification of Phoebe and Machilus Wood Based on Volatile Compound Chemical Fingerprinting[J].Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology,2026,40(01):27-40. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025122.

摘要

为探究基于挥发性物质化学指纹方法实现楠属和润楠属木材“种”水平识别的可行性，以楠属的细叶楠（

Phoebe hui

）、闽楠（

Phoebe bournei

）和润楠属的刨花润楠（

Machilus pauhoi

）、薄叶润楠（

Machilus leptophylla

）4种木材为研究对象，利用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术（headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry，HS-SPME-GC-MS）对木材粉末样品挥发性物质进行检测，比较解析其化学指纹信息，通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析方法（orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）筛选出差异化合物，再进一步使用偏最小二乘判别方法（partial least squares discriminant analysis，PLS-DA）构建4种木材判别模型，最终选出楠属和润楠属4种木材的化学标志物。结果表明：4种木材的挥发性物质在化学成分上呈现显著差异，细叶楠和闽楠以多种萜类化合物为主要特征组分，刨花润楠与薄叶润楠则以酸类、酮类及醛类化合物为主要构成。基于OPLS-DA结果筛选出差异化合物，包括萜类、酯类、杂环化合物和酮类等，跨属树种比较组表现出的差异更加明显。利用PLS-DA建立4种木材的判别模型，总体识别准确率为95.24%；通过进一步筛选，得到428种显著差异化合物，主要集中在酯类（15.65%）、萜类（14.95%）、酮类（13.55%）与杂环化合物（12.62%）等，这些成分构成不同树种间化学差异的主体。基于变量重要性投影（variable importance in projection，VIP）值，从显著差异化合物中选取排名前20位作为4种木材的化学标志物，包括2-［（2S，4aR，8aR）-4a，8-二甲基-2，3，4，5，6，8a-六氢-1H-萘-2-基］丙-2-醇、2-甲基萘、萘、2，6-二甲基苯硫酚、2-［（2S，4aR）-4a，8-二甲基-2，3，4，5，6，7-六氢-1H-萘-2-基］丙-2-醇、2-哌啶亚胺等。热图分析清晰显示，这20种化学标志物能够可靠地区分4种木材。利用HS-SPME-GC-MS方法能够实现楠属和润楠属木材“种”水平的识别。研究结果为楠属和润楠属木材资源的科学利用与市场规范化管理提供科学依据，同时为基于挥发性物质化学指纹特征的木材识别方法提供实践参考。

Abstract

To investigate the feasibility of species-level identification of

Phoebe

and

Machilus

wood based on volatile compound chemical fingerprinting

four species

namely

P. hui

P. bournei

M. pauhoi

and

M. leptophylla

were selected for analysis. Volatile compounds in wood powder samples were detected by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Their che

mical fingerprint information was comprehensively compared and analyzed. Differential compounds were first screened by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)

and then partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to construct discrimination models for the four wood species. Finally

chemical markers for species identification were determined. The results showed marked differences in the volatile chemical profiles among the four species.

P. hui

and

P. bournei

were mainly characterized by terpenoids

whereas

M. pauhoi

and

M. leptophylla

were dominated by acids

ketones

and aldehydes. The differential compounds identified by OPLS-DA mainly included terpenoids

esters

heterocyclic compounds

and ketones

and the differences were more pronounced in intergeneric comparisons. The PLS-DA discrimination model achieved an overall identification accuracy of 95.24%. Further screening identified 428 significantly different compounds

mainly esters (15.65%)

terpenoids (14.95%)

ketones (13.55%)

and heterocyclic compounds (12.62%)

which together accounted for the major chemical differences among species. Based on variable importance in projection (VIP) values

the top 20 significantly differential compounds were selected as chemical markers

including 2-[(2S

4aR

8aR)-4a

8-dimethyl-2

8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl

]

propan-2-ol

2-methylnaphthalene

naphthalene

6-dimethylthiophenol

2-[(2S

4aR)-4a

8-dimethyl-2

7-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl

]

propan-2-ol

and 2-piperidinimine. Heatmap analysis further showed that these 20 chemical markers could reliably distinguish the four wood species. Therefore

HS-SPME-GC-MS can be used to achieve species-level identification of

Phoebe

and

Machilus

wood. These results provide a scientific basis for the rational utilization and standardized market management of

Phoebe

and

Machilus

wood resources

nd also offer practical support for wood identification based on volatile compound chemical fingerprints.

关键词

Keywords

references

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