应县木塔木构件连接界面类型及其分布特征分析

张佳凝; 王品博; 周海宾; 邓昊

doi:10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025112

“古建筑木材科研基地”专栏 | 浏览量 : 0 下载量: CSCD: 0 CNKI被引量: 0 Crossref: 0 Wos: 0 Scopus: 0 更多指标

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应县木塔木构件连接界面类型及其分布特征分析
Types and Distribution Characteristics of Contact Interface between Timber Components in the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda
1.中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所，北京 100091
2.古建筑木材科学研究与保护国家文物局重点科研基地，北京 100091
2025年39卷第6期页码：1-9
DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025112
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张佳凝,王品博,周海宾等.应县木塔木构件连接界面类型及其分布特征分析[J].木材科学与技术,2025,39(06):1-9. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025112.

ZHANG Jianing,WANG Pinbo,ZHOU Haibin,et al.Types and Distribution Characteristics of Contact Interface between Timber Components in the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda[J].Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology,2025,39(06):1-9. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025112.

摘要

应县木塔作为中国木结构的杰出代表，其独特的结构性能源于木构件接触面间的摩擦机制，可有效耗散地震等动态载荷能量，造就其卓越的结构稳定性。然而，在长期环境荷载与材料老化等作用下，该建筑目前呈现明显的整体倾斜与局部变形问题。研究以应县木塔明间1~5层为统计范围，分析连接界面类型及其分布特征，并测量柱头铺作嵌压、滑移情况。实际勘察发现，木塔连接界面类型有横-横、横-弦和弦-弦三种，其中弦-弦连接界面类型占比最高，为61.29%。统计数据显示，内槽连接界面数量为22 424个，外槽连接界面数量为65 320个；而且，随着层数升高，连接界面总数呈递减趋势，其中弦-弦连接界面占比降低，而横-弦连接界面占比增加。1~5层铺作连接界面数量存在明显差异，外槽转角铺作的连接界面数量最多，补间铺作的连接界面数量最少。构件间嵌压值整体呈现自2~5层逐渐减小趋势，栌斗与普拍枋间的嵌压情况最严重，且嵌压值受连接界面材种影响。构件间滑移现象主要集中于平盘斗，滑移值随着层数增加而逐渐减小。研究为应县木塔的力学性能分析与结构安全评估提供参考依据。

Abstract

The unique friction mechanism of the contact interface between the wooden components of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda can dissipate energy

resulting in its outstanding structural stability. However

significant overall and local tilting exists at present. Current research is mainly concentrated on the mechanical analysis by establishing numerical models

ignoring the types of wood contact interfaces and the friction mechanism. This study focused on the statistical summary of the first to fifth floors of the clear chamber of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda

analyzing the distribution characteristics of contact interface types and the embedded pressure and slip phenomenon of the column heads. Field investigations revealed that the contact interface of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda include transverse-to-transverse

transverse-to-tangential

and tangential-to-tangential types. The tangential-to-tangential contact interface is the most prevalent type

accounting for 61.29%. There are 22 424 inner groove contact interfaces and 65 320 outer groove contact interfaces. The number of contact interfaces decreases as the number of floors increases

with the tangential-to-tangential and tranverse-to-tangential contact interface types accounting for less and more

respectively. The quantity of contact interfaces for the first to fifth floors paving is the largest for a single outer groove corner paving

and the smallest for a single interlocking paving. The embedded pressures between components generally decrease from the second floor to the fifth floor. The embedded pressure between the dou and the pu-pai beam is the most severe

and the embedded pressures are affected by the material types of the contact interfaces. The slip phenomenon is mainly concentrated in the flat plate dou

and the slip value gradually decreases as the number of floors increases. This study would provide a reference database for the mechanical analysis and structural safety assessment of the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda.

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references

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