压缩率对杉木心材回复率及力学性质的影响

赵丽媛; 黄荣凤; 王艳伟; 何啸宇; 孙龙祥; 付跃进

doi:10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025062

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压缩率对杉木心材回复率及力学性质的影响
Effect of Compression Ratio on the Recovery Rate and Mechanical Properties of Chinese Fir Heartwood
1.中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所；国家林业和草原局木材科学与技术重点实验室，北京 100091
2.久盛地板有限公司，浙江湖州，313009
2025年39卷第4期页码：40-49
DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025062
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赵丽媛,黄荣凤,王艳伟等.压缩率对杉木心材回复率及力学性质的影响[J].木材科学与技术,2025,39(04):40-49. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025062.

ZHAO Liyuan,HUANG Rongfeng,WANG Yanwei,et al.Effect of Compression Ratio on the Recovery Rate and Mechanical Properties of Chinese Fir Heartwood[J].Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology,2025,39(04):40-49. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025062.

摘要

对人工林杉木心材实施压缩率为40%~65%的整体压缩，采用蒸汽与空气混合介质加压热处理方法进行压缩变形固定（定型），探讨压缩率对定型材密度、回复率和力学性能的影响。结果表明：在压缩率为40%时，早材和晚材均被压缩；随着压缩率进一步增大，压缩材密度随之增大，并趋于均匀。经蒸汽与空气混合介质加压热处理后的定型材，在气干、高湿及吸水条件下的吸湿/吸水回复率降至0%~0.63%，几乎不发生回复。随着压缩率及密度的增加，定型材的硬度、MOR、MOE及横纹抗压强度持续增大，定型材密度与硬度之间呈极显著相关的二次函数关系，与MOR、MOE及横纹抗压强度间呈极显著相关的线性函数关系，相关系数大于0.938。横纹抗压径向加载时，未呈现典型的木材横纹加载应力-应变特征曲线。压缩率为40%时，与对照材相比，定型材弦向横纹抗压强度提高约50%，但径向横纹抗压强度几乎没有提高；压缩率达到或超过45%时，径向和弦向横纹抗压强度提高率接近；在65%的压缩率下，弦向和径向横纹抗压强度均可以达到对照材的4倍及以上。

Abstract

With a target compression ratio of 40%~65%

the compression deformation in the heartwood of Chinese fir was stabilized through heat treatment using a steam-air mixed medium with pressure. The effect of the compression ratio on wood density distribution

set recovery

and mechanical properties were studied. The results showed that both early wood and late wood were compressed at compression ratio of 40%. As the compression ratio increased

the wood's density also increased

while the internal density distribution became more consistent. With the heat treatment of steam-air at medium pressure

the hygroscopic/water absorption set recovery of Chinese fir at different compression ratios were reduced to 0%~0.63%. Under conditions including air-dried

high-humidity

and water absorption

there was almost no recovery occurred. With the increased compression ratio and density

the wood's hardness

bending strength (MOR

MOE)

and compression strength perpendicular to grain continuously increased. There was a highly significant quadratic functional relationship between wood density and hardness. Meanwhile

there were extremely significant linear relationship between wood density and MOR

MOE

as well as compression strength perpendicular to grain

with the correlation coefficient being greater than 0.938. During radial loading under compression perpendicular to grain

typical stress-strain characteristics were not observed. At a compression ratio of 40%

the compressive strength perpendicular to grain under tangential loading increased by approximately 50%

however there was almost no increase under radial loading. When the compression ratio reached at least 45%

the compressive strength perpendicular to grain under both tangential and radial loading were almost the same. At a compression ratio of 65%

the compressive strength perpendicular to grain under both tangential and radial loading reached four times more than those of the control wood.

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references

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