基于己内酰胺改性氨基树脂的耐水透明防火涂层制备与性能

罗佳明; 张智彭; 吴玉章; 屈伟

doi:10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025006

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基于己内酰胺改性氨基树脂的耐水透明防火涂层制备与性能
Preparation and Properties of Transparent Amino Resin-Based Waterproof Fire-Retardant Coatings Modified with Caprolactam
中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所，北京 100091
2025年39卷第2期页码：38-46
DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025006
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罗佳明,张智彭,吴玉章等.基于己内酰胺改性氨基树脂的耐水透明防火涂层制备与性能[J].木材科学与技术,2025,39(02):38-46. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025006.

LUO Jiaming,ZHANG Zhipeng,WU Yuzhang,et al.Preparation and Properties of Transparent Amino Resin-Based Waterproof Fire-Retardant Coatings Modified with Caprolactam[J].Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology,2025,39(02):38-46. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2025006.

摘要

氨基树脂基膨胀型防火涂料是透明防火涂料的主要类型，为了解决涂层耐水性限制其应用的问题，将己内酰胺引入到氨基树脂中，制备耐水性透明膨胀型防火涂料。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）考察己内酰胺对涂层化学结构的影响，并测试涂层的耐水性能和润湿性能，利用热重分析（TG）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、锥形量热仪（CONE）探究己内酰胺对涂层膨胀以及炭层形貌的影响机制。结果表明：己内酰胺通过酰胺化引入到涂层中，形成新的酰胺键，对涂层透明性无不良影响；与未添加己内酰胺的涂层相比，当己内酰胺添加量为2%~4%时，涂层接触角从42

提高到50

~58

，经24 h常温浸水后涂层保持平整无皱、无剥落现象，符合GB 12441—2018《饰面型防火涂料》对涂层耐水性的要求；同时，300 s内总热释放量THR

300 s

降低14.1%~17.5%，引燃时间延长，涂层防火性能提高。

Abstract

Amino resin-based intumescent fire-retardant coating is a major type of transparent fire-retardant coatings. However

due to its inadequate water resistance

the coating layer has limited practical applications. Caprolactam was incorporated into amino resin to synthesize a water-resistant

transparent

intumescent fire-retardant coating. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to investigate the effect of caprolactam on the chemical structure of the coating layer. The water resistance and wetting properties of the coating were tested. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG)

scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

and the cone calorimeter (CONE) were employed to explore the mechanism by which caprolactam affects the intumescence of the coating layer and the morphology of the char layer. The results indicated that caprolactam was incorporated into the coating layer through amidation

forming new amide bonds without decreasing the transparency of the coating. Compared to coatings with no modification

when the mass ratio of caprolactam was 2%~4%

the contact angle of the coating layer increased from 42° to 50°~58°. After 24 hours of immersion in water at room temperat

ure

the coating layer remained smooth and wrinkle-free

without peeling

meeting the water resistance requirements for coating layers specified in GB 12441—2018

Decorative Fire-Retardant Coatings

. Additionally

the total heat release (THR) within 300 seconds (THR

300 s

) was reduced by 14.1%~17.5%; and the ignition time increased

demonstrating enhanced fire-retardant performance of the coating.

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references

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