鸭绿江浮桥遗址木桩表层微生物群落结构分析

韩旭; 李辉; 王雨晨; 周海宾; 邓昊

doi:10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024137

“古建筑木材科研基地”专栏 | 浏览量 : 0 下载量: CSCD: 0 CNKI被引量: 0 Crossref: 0 Wos: 0 Scopus: 0 更多指标

PDF
导出
分享
收藏
专辑

鸭绿江浮桥遗址木桩表层微生物群落结构分析
Analysis of Microbial Community Structure in the Wood Piles from the Yalu River Floating Bridge Site
1.中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所，北京 100091
2.辽宁省丹东市文化旅游和广播电视局，辽宁丹东 118000
2025年39卷第2期页码：1-11
DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024137
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

韩旭,李辉,王雨晨等.鸭绿江浮桥遗址木桩表层微生物群落结构分析[J].木材科学与技术,2025,39(02):1-11. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024137.

HAN Xu,LI Hui,WANG Yuchen,et al.Analysis of Microbial Community Structure in the Wood Piles from the Yalu River Floating Bridge Site[J].Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology,2025,39(02):1-11. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024137.

摘要

鸭绿江浮桥遗址是我国革命历史的重要见证，遗址作为在江面保存的木质不可移动文物，系统分析微生物群落是科学保护文物的基础。研究选择江中桥墩木桩不浸水区域I、感潮区域Ⅱ、长期浸水区域Ⅲ等三个区域，观察各区域不同部位样品的劣化情况，并采集表层微生物样品，通过Illumina MiSeq 高通量测序技术进行微生物群落分析。结果显示，木桩不同部位产生了不同程度的材质老化、微生物降解现象，不浸水区域I木材存在老化变色、材质疏松、表层剥落等严重劣化现象，其主要成分降解严重；感潮区域Ⅱ中也可见木材老化变色、剥落现象，但劣化程度较轻；长期浸水区域Ⅲ中木材保存状况较好。木桩细菌群落在门、目、属水平上丰度较高的主要为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、鞘脂单胞菌目（Sphingomonadales）、鞘氨醇单胞菌属（

Sphingomonas

），真菌群落在门、目、属水平上丰度较高的主要为子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、伞菌目（Agaricales）、鬼伞属（

Coprinus

）。木桩不浸水区域I中主要真菌为伞菌目真菌，而长期浸水区域Ⅲ主要真菌为刺盾炱目（Chaetothyriales）真菌，木桩不同区域主要细菌均为鞘脂单胞菌目细菌与根瘤菌目（Rhizobiales）细菌。研究结果对鸭绿江浮桥遗址桥墩木桩预防性和适宜性保护提供科学依据。

Abstract

The Yalu River Floating Bridge Site is an important witness of China’s revolutionary history. As an unmov

able wooden cultural relic preserved at the river surface

the systematic analysis of microbial communities provides scientific foundation for protecting the cultural relics. In this study

three parts from the non-immersed area I

the tidal area Ⅱ

and the long-term immersed area Ⅲ of the wooden pile in the middle of the river were selected. It was observed of the microbial erosion in the wood structure of the selected samples

which are the immersed part of the wooden pile in the middle of the river. The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was used for sequencing and analysis. The results show that samples from different locations of the wood pile present various degrees of natural aging and microbial degradation. There are serious degradation phenomena such as aging discoloration

loose material

and surface peeling in the non-immersed area. The main components degraded most seriously. The phenomenon of aging discoloration and wood peeling is also observed in the samples from the tidal area

while the degree of deterioration is less. The samples from the long-term immersion area Ⅲ are well preserved. Proteobacteria

Sphingomonadales

and

Sphingomonas

are the main bacteria species with high abundance at the levels of phylum

order

and genus. Ascomycota

Agaricales

and

Coprinus

were the main fungus species with high abundance at the levels of phylum

order

and genus. The main fungi found in the non-immersed area I of the pile are Agaricales

while the main fungi found in the long-term submerged area Ⅲ are Scutellaceae. The main bacteria identified at different locations of the pile were Sphingomonas and Rhizobiales. The research results provide scientific basis for the preventive and suitability protection of wooden piles at the Yalu River floating bridge site.

关键词

Keywords

references

WALSH-KORB Z , AVÉROUS L . Recent developments in the conservation of materials properties of historical wood [J ] . Progress in Materials Science , 2019 , 102 : 167 - 221 .

马星霞 , 乔云飞 , 黎冬青 , 等 . 古建筑木构件生物危害预防性保护体系框架构建 [J ] . 木材科学与技术 , 2023 , 37 ( 1 ): 83 - 90 .

MA X X , QIAO Y F , LI D Q , et al . Biological hazard prevention and protection system for wood components in ancient buildings [J ] . Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology , 2023 , 37 ( 1 ): 83 - 90 .

LI R , GUO J , MACCHIONI N , et al . Characterisation of waterlogged archaeological wood from Nanhai No. 1 Shipwreck by multidisciplinary diagnostic methods [J ] . Journal of Cultural Heritage , 2022 , 56 : 25 - 35 .

MA K X , WANG Y , YANG X Y , et al . Analysis of the composition of culturable airborne microorganisms in the archaeological excavation protection site of the Nanhai No. 1 Ancient Shipwreck [J ] . Frontiers in Microbiology , 2022 , 13 : 958914 .

费利华 , 覃丹 , 唐欢 . 泉州湾宋代海船船体微生物群落结构多样性研究 [J ] . 文物保护与考古科学 , 2022 , 34 ( 3 ): 8 - 18 .

FEI L H , QIN D , TANG H . Microbial community structural diversity of the Quanzhou Bay Song Dynasty Shipwreck [J ] . Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology , 2022 , 34 ( 3 ): 8 - 18 .

LI Q X , CAO L X , WANG W F , et al . Analysis of the bacterial communities in the waterlogged wooden cultural relics of the Xiaobaijiao No.1 shipwreck via high-throughput sequencing technology [J ] . Holzforschung , 2018 , 72 ( 7 ): 609 - 619 .

LEPINAY C , TLÁSKAL V , VRŠKA T , et al . Successional development of wood-inhabiting fungi associated with dominant tree species in a natural temperate floodplain forest [J ] . Fungal Ecology , 2022 , 59 : 101116 .

KRETSCHMAR E I , GELBRICH J , MILITZ H , et al . Studying bacterial wood decay under low oxygen conditions: results of microcosm experiments [J ] . International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation , 2008 , 61 ( 1 ): 69 - 84 .

FILLEY T R , BLANCHETTE R A , SIMPSON E , et al . Nitrogen cycling by wood decomposing soft-rot fungi in the “King Midas Tomb,” Gordion, Turkey [J ] . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 2001 , 98 ( 23 ): 13346 - 13350 .

WANG J , JIA H , DANIEL G , et al . Insights into asynchronous changes of cell wall polymers accumulated in different cell types during conifer xylem differentiation [J ] . Carbohydrate Polymers , 2023 , 316 : 121076 .

王玉娇 , 彭尧 , 曹金珍 . 褐腐初期南方松木材微观形貌与化学成分分析 [J ] . 北京林业大学学报 , 2021 , 43 ( 3 ): 138 - 144 .

WANG Y J , PENG Y , CAO J Z . Analysis of microstructure and chemical components of southern pine during initial brown-rot decay [J ] . Journal of Beijing Forestry University , 2021 , 43 ( 3 ): 138 - 144 .

李秋霞 , 曹理想 , 谭红铭 , 等 . 宋代海底沉船“南海I号”出水木质文物中细菌类群 [J ] . 微生物学报 , 2018 , 58 ( 8 ): 1439 - 1452 .

LI Q X , CAO L X , TAN H M , et al . Bacterial communities in the waterlogged wooden cultural relics from the “Nanhai No.1” shipwreck [J ] . Acta Microbiologica Sinica , 2018 , 58 ( 8 ): 1439 - 1452 .

WANG B W , QI M Y , MA Y H , et al . Microbiome diversity and cellulose decomposition processes by microorganisms on the ancient wooden seawall of Qiantang River of Hangzhou, China [J ] . Microbial Ecology , 2023 , 86 ( 3 ): 2109 - 2119 .

LU Y , JIAO L C , SUN G P , et al . Preservation status and microbial community of waterlogged archaeological woods over 7800 years old at the Jingtoushan Site, China [J ] . Wood Science and Technology , 2023 , 57 ( 2 ): 537 - 556 .

ANTONELLI F , ESPOSITO A , GALOTTA G , et al . Microbiota in waterlogged archaeological wood: use of next-generation sequencing to evaluate the risk of biodegradation [J ] . Applied Sciences , 2020 , 10 ( 13 ): 4636 .

叶天韵 , 黄静 , 蒋雪中 , 等 . 长江口咸淡水混合水域腐蚀性细菌的筛选及其对文物的腐蚀作用 [J ] . 文物保护与考古科学 , 2022 , 34 ( 1 ): 87 - 96 .

YE T Y , HUANG J , JIANG X Z , et al . Screening of corrosive bacteria found in the zone of mixing of fresh and salt water in the Yangtze Estuary, and the impact of these bacteria on cultural relics [J ] . Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology , 2022 , 34 ( 1 ): 87 - 96 .

LANDY E T , MITCHELL J I , HOTCHKISS S , et al . Bacterial diversity associated with archaeological waterlogged wood: ribosomal RNA clone libraries and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) [J ] . International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation , 2008 , 61 ( 1 ): 106 - 116 .

BLANCHETTE R A , HELD B W , JURGENS J A , et al . Wood-destroying soft rot fungi in the historic expedition huts of Antarctica [J ] . Applied and Environmental Microbiology , 2004 , 70 ( 3 ): 1328 - 1335 .

SAVORY J G . Breakdown of timber by ascomycetes and fungi imperfecti [J ] . Annals of Applied Biology , 1954 , 41 ( 2 ): 336 - 347 .

LEE Y S . Observation of soft-rot wood degradation caused by higher ascomyceteous fungi [J ] . Mycobiology , 2000 , 28 ( 1 ): 47 - 50 .

ARPANAEI A , FU Q L , SINGH T . Nanotechnology approaches towards biodeterioration-resistant wood: a review [J ] . Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts , 2024 , 9 ( 1 ): 3 - 26 .

POPESCU C M , LARSSON P T , VASILE C . Carbon-13 CP/MAS solid state NMR and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy studies on lime wood decayed by Chaetomium globosum [J ] . Carbohydrate Polymers , 2011 , 83 ( 2 ): 808 - 812 .

方旋 , 马星霞 , 温敬伟 , 等 . 出土木质文物中分离真菌的生长特性研究 [J ] . 北京林业大学学报 , 2022 , 44 ( 1 ): 123 - 131 .

FANG X , MA X X , WEN J W , et al . Growth characteristics of fungi isolated from unearthed wooden cultural relics [J ] . Journal of Beijing Forestry University , 2022 , 44 ( 1 ): 123 - 131 .

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

暂无数据