竖向孔洞对木柱受压承载性能的影响研究

钟慧娴; 陈勇平; 钟永

doi:10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024020

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竖向孔洞对木柱受压承载性能的影响研究
Effect of Vertical Holes on Compressive Bearing Capacity of Timber Columns
中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所，北京 100091
2024年38卷第6期页码：39-46
纸质出版日期： 2024-11-30 ，
DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024020
稿件说明：

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钟慧娴, 陈勇平, 钟永. 竖向孔洞对木柱受压承载性能的影响研究[J]. 木材科学与技术, 2024,38(6):39-46.

ZHONG HUIXIAN, CHEN YONGPING, ZHONG YONG. Effect of Vertical Holes on Compressive Bearing Capacity of Timber Columns. [J]. Chinese journal of wood science and technology, 2024, 38(6): 39-46.
钟慧娴, 陈勇平, 钟永. 竖向孔洞对木柱受压承载性能的影响研究[J]. 木材科学与技术, 2024,38(6):39-46. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024020.

ZHONG HUIXIAN, CHEN YONGPING, ZHONG YONG. Effect of Vertical Holes on Compressive Bearing Capacity of Timber Columns. [J]. Chinese journal of wood science and technology, 2024, 38(6): 39-46. DOI： 10.12326/j.2096-9694.2024020.

摘要

带孔洞木柱受压承载性能是古建筑木结构的研究重点之一。以古建筑常用树种落叶松（

Larix

sp.）木材为试验材料，采用人工开孔方法来模拟木柱内部孔洞缺陷，基于数字散斑图像（digital speckle image correlation，DIC）和力学试验机联用技术，研究竖向孔洞对木柱受压承载性能的影响，结合宏观和微观力学性能来揭示带竖向孔洞缺陷木柱的受压破坏机制。结果表明：在本试验条件下，竖向孔洞横截面面积对木柱极限荷载的影响大于孔洞长度的影响；带竖向孔洞木柱受压破坏模式主要表现为褶皱破坏，随着位移的增加，出现木材横纹撕裂和斜角度剪切破坏；木材纤维褶皱破坏和斜角度剪切破坏主要是木材管胞细胞壁屈曲导致，而木材横纹撕裂破坏主要沿木材管胞顺纹方向延展且断面呈不规则锯齿状；应变场分布图显示表明木柱孔洞端部位置的竖向应力、横纹应力和剪切应力均存在显著应力集中，验证了数字散斑方法预测古建筑木构件损伤位置的有效性。通过竖向孔洞对木柱受压承载性能的影响研究，可为古建筑木结构保护修缮提供参考依据。

Abstract

The compressive bearing capacity of timber columns with holes is a key research focus in ancient timber structures. In this study

larch wood (

Larix

sp.)

commonly used in ancient buildings

was selected as the experimental material. To investigate the effect of vertical holes on the compressive bearing capacity of timber columns

an artificial opening method was used to simulate internal hole defects. The compressive test was conducted using digital speckle image correlation (DIC) in conjunction with a mechanical testing machine. The compressive failure mechanism in timber columns with vertical holes was examined through the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical properties. The results indicated that

under the conditions of this experiment

the effect of the hole’s cross-sectional area on the ultimate load of timber column was greater than that of the hole’s longitude direction. Fold failure was the primary compressive failure mode for timber columns with vertical holes

followed by the transverse tearing and oblique shear failure of the wood as displacement increased. Fold failure and oblique shear failure were primarily caused by the buckling of the wood tracheid cell walls

while transverse tearing failure primarily extended longitudinally along the wood tracheid cells resulting in an irregularly serrated cross-section. Additionally

the strain field distribution indicated that stress conce

ntrations in the vertical

transverse stress

and shear stress occurred at the ends of holes

which demonstrated the effectiveness of the DIC method in predicting the damage location in ancient building wood components. This study provides a solid foundation for the protection and repair of ancient timber structures.

关键词

带孔洞木柱受压承载性能数字散斑图像（DIC）竖向孔洞极限荷载破坏模式应变场

Keywords

timber column with holescompressive bearing capacitydigital speckle image correlation (DIC)vertical holeultimate loadfailure modestrain field

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